In the normal human body, respiratory movement is constantly and regularly alternating, and can be adjusted with the needs of the body and changes in the external environment. Respiratory physiology is under precise and sensitive control.
First, the receptor
In the respiratory system or related organizations, there is a regulation and control of respiratory sensor, they on mechanical or chemical stimulation; physiological or pathological conditions of demand response, to the central control unit to transmit information, to increase or decrease the ventilation to adapt to of O2 uptake and CO2 removal are ultimately required.
(a) pulmonary parenchymal lung or airway sensory receptors lead Zhang sensilla, bowel provoke feelings and j receptors are located in the lung tissue, respiratory, such as in the nasopharynx and upper respiratory tract also to receptors in the response to mechanical and chemical stimuli.
Change can feel the muscles and joints and intercostal muscles during exercise, as ventilation increased the amount of stimulus source.
(II) the surrounding chemical feelings for carotid artery bifurcation of carotid bodies and aortic line arch and aortic bodies, on arterial oxygen partial pressure and a decrease in pH, arterial blood elevated CO2 react, the amount of ventilation.
(three) Central chemoreceptor located in the ventral medulla, IX, X cranial nerve root. Effects of local cerebrospinal fluid, blood and local metabolism on the central chemical receptor. They are the most important receptors in the regulation of respiratory physiology.
Nerve impulses arrive at the central nervous system, but many of the exact neural pathways are not clear.
Two, central control unit
Medulla is the most important part in the process of initiating, processing and transmitting information, which is generally referred to as the respiratory center.
The medulla is part of the information to the cerebral cortex, the perception of breathing, such as breathing difficulties; is also the command source of active breathing.
Part of the information from the medulla to the autonomic nervous system, directing the lungs and other organs of the respiratory movement.
Three, the effect of organs
The diaphragm and intercostal muscles and abdominal muscle and accessory respiratory muscle composition effect for respiratory motion.
Four, respiratory control disorders
Many common diseases, such as fever, metabolic disease, or mental and psychiatric disorders, are related to changes in respiratory rate and depth. Over ventilation is the need to increase the amount of ventilation that is more than CO2, and PaCO2 is reduced; the lack of ventilation is the opposite. As the alveolar ventilation volume is closely related with CO2, such as
CO2/A and PaCO2=K
Function Editor
As is shown, arterial blood CO2 partial pressure can be directly expressed by ventilation deficiency or excessive.
Lung diseases such as pneumonia, asthma, pulmonary embolism, the inhibition of peripheral chemoreceptor as the world ranking plateau, sedatives, and pulmonary heart disease, peripheral chemical feel excited such as the role of certain stimulants, inhibition of central chemoreceptor such as sedatives, mucus edema, nervous system disorders, or excited such as medicine and disease of the central nervous system, can make the respiratory control.
Can be used to assist in the evaluation of central respiratory control functions with complex physiological tasks (P0.1).
Respiratory control law editor
Master O.P.Tiwariji is a famous master of breathing control. From the beginning of the second week, every day we is under his guidance, a profound experience the benefits of pranayama, for professors in various respiratory control method, practice yoga for many years the 58-62 beats per minute for heart rate is the best return. However, under the guidance of the master, the more accurate practice, feel, or feel the benefits. Many students, also often practice after class, to help regulate the body state does not adapt to the environment.
Here, a brief introduction to "the light of Kazakhstan Da Da" in the teaching of the nine kinds of breathing control method, which is the most traditional yoga breathing control method. Before the Patanga Cordero era, also is the Yoga Sutra in, only introduced over four breathing control method respectively in breath and out breath, and breath hold one's breath, and inspiratory breath hold.
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